Because the designers were unaware of the possibility of escalation in the transmission line, they also did so. ![]() The synchronous motor, in turn, acted as a drive for a DC generator that powered the city’s trains. The power generated by this generator was transmitted through a transmission line to the other side of Hartford, where it was powered by a synchronous motor. The results demonstrated that the engine heats up due to the intensification in the transmission line due to the presence of harmonics. In order to find the cause of this problem, a harmonic analysis was performed on the shape of the current waves and the voltage of the transmission line that fed the motor. The only difference between the factory test conditions and the actual working conditions in Hartford was a 10-mile transmission line. It is worth noting that this engine was manufactured in the factory and shipped well before being shipped to Hartford. He cites the experience of the city of Hotford in the United States in 1893 as the first problem of harmonic distortion, and that power engineers were justified by the problem of an overheating of an electric motor and its insulation failure. In 1998, Edward Owen published a history of harmonics on the power grid. The use of electronic power devices causes harmonics in the output voltage of the photovoltaic system, which should be eliminated as much as possible. However, with the increasing growth of the semiconductor industry in recent years and the reduction of production costs of semiconductor devices, solar arrays have found wide applications today, one of which is grid-connected photovoltaic systems. Historically, photovoltaic systems, due to their high cost, were commonly used to provide the electrical power needed by satellites. Simultaneously with the increase in problems caused by environmental pollution and also the decrease in fossil energy reserves, the use of photovoltaic systems has increased sharply in recent years. For this reason, photovoltaic systems are also called “green” or “clean” energy sources. Photovoltaic systems convert solar energy directly into electrical energy and do not pollute the environment compared to traditional power generation systems. Due to the destructive effects of greenhouse gases on the environment, such as global warming, surface water pollution, acid rain, etc., extensive measures have been taken to address these problems and reduce their effects.in recent years One of the most effective ways to reduce greenhouse gases from power plants has been the use of clean sources such as solar and wind energy. Based on the simulation results, the efficiency of the proposed method is confirmed.Īccording to statistics published in 2018 by the International Energy Agency, 37.5% of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases produced by various sources mainly came from fossil fuel power plants. In this research, using fuzzy detection method, a suitable method for detecting the error of partial shadow occurrence in solar cells is presented. Also, if these errors are not detected and fixed in time, they can lead to power loss (not using the maximum potential of the panel), device failure and eventually fire. In this case, training skilled manpower and the constant presence of an expert on site can be very costly and uneconomical. On the other hand, most solar power plants are located in desert areas, which make them difficult to access and visit. Therefore, as much as possible, efforts should be made to detect and eliminate errors in the shortest possible time without shutting down the power plant. Given the fact that the equipment and technology of photovoltaic systems are expensive and their efficiency is currently relatively low (about 20%), a complete shutdown of the plant or part of it can be economical, return on investment and achieve profitability. In such a situation, in order to maintain the safety of the specialist, protective measures such as shutting down the power plant or isolating the faulty part are usually taken. ![]() When a fault occurs in photovoltaic systems, a human expert should be present at the scene and perform tests to determine the location and type of the fault.
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